Multi-infarct dementia is the most common dementia after Alzheimer's disease. It is characterized by abrupt onset, typically after a series of small strokes. These strokes are caused by small clots that block blood vessels in the brain as a result of atherosclerosis. They vary in frequency, intensity and location. The individual may experience episodes of confusion and some loss of cognitive functioning. Minor neurological signs, such as slurring of speech and/or weakness on one side of the body, may be present. Since these small strokes are not severe, physical disability is not normally severe. There is limited improvement until the next episode. Eventually, recovery becomes less and less until a profound dementia develops, or the individual dies from a major stroke.
